string.c File Reference

String manipulation primitives. More...

#include "x-prim.h"
#include "x-type/char.h"
#include "x-type/int.h"
#include "x-type/str.h"
#include "x-type/symbol.h"

Functions
static x_obj_t *	x_prim_string_append (x_obj_t *p_base, x_obj_t *p_args)
static x_obj_t *	x_prim_make_str (x_obj_t *p_base, x_obj_t *p_args)
static x_obj_t *	x_prim_string_to_symbol (x_obj_t *p_base, x_obj_t *p_args)
static x_obj_t *	x_prim_symbol_to_string (x_obj_t *p_base, x_obj_t *p_args)
static x_obj_t *	x_prim_list_to_string (x_obj_t *p_base, x_obj_t *p_args)
static x_obj_t *	x_prim_str_byte_len (x_obj_t *p_base, x_obj_t *p_args)
static x_obj_t *	x_prim_str_byte_ref (x_obj_t *p_base, x_obj_t *p_args)
static x_obj_t *	x_prim_str_byte_sub (x_obj_t *p_base, x_obj_t *p_args)
x_obj_t *	x_prim_string_register (x_obj_t *p_base, x_obj_t *p_args)

Detailed Description

String manipulation primitives.

Author

Jon Ruttan (jonru.nosp@m.ttan.nosp@m.@gmai.nosp@m.l.co.nosp@m.m)

Copyright

2026 Jon Ruttan @license MIT No Attribution (MIT-0)

Function Documentation

x_prim_list_to_string()

static x_obj_t * x_prim_list_to_string ( x_obj_t *  p_base, x_obj_t *  p_args  )

static

Build a string from a list of characters, one byte per character. x-lang: (bytes->str list-of-chars)

Parameters

p_base	Interpreter base context.
p_args	Unevaluated argument list: (bytes->str list-of-chars).

Returns

A newly allocated string holding each character's low byte.

Note

Byte-level and protocol-agnostic: each CHARACTER contributes one byte (its value masked to 0-255). This is the dumb byte-packer; assembling a multi-byte UTF-8 string from code points is done in the x-lang layer (str->list / list->str in x/type/string, via the x/codec/utf8 encoder). Walks the list twice: once to count, once to copy. No x-lang dispatch, so it stays safe inside tokenizer callbacks.

x_prim_make_str()

static x_obj_t * x_prim_make_str ( x_obj_t *  p_base, x_obj_t *  p_args  )

static

Allocate a fresh writable byte region as a string object. x-lang: (make-str n)

Parameters

p_base	Interpreter base context.
p_args	Unevaluated argument list: (make-str n).

Returns

A new OWNED string of exactly n bytes.

Note

SPACE-filled and NUL-terminated so the strlen-based byte accessors see exactly n bytes. Callers fill it in place via (str ->ptr) + the raw-mem stores, File read, or FFI calls. The object OWNS the region – the GC frees it, so there is no free door and no leak on an error path. UNCHECKED like first/rest: n is trusted (the x layer guards).

x_prim_str_byte_len()

static x_obj_t * x_prim_str_byte_len ( x_obj_t *  p_base, x_obj_t *  p_args  )

static

Raw byte length of a string. x-lang: (str-byte-len s)

Parameters

p_base	Interpreter base context.
p_args	Unevaluated argument list: (str-byte-len s).

Returns

Integer: the number of bytes in s.

Note

Always byte-level, independent of any pushed string-call handler. This is the explicit 8-bit accessor the Str8 protocol bottoms out in; readers/tokenizers that need bytes must use this, not the ambient (s) call (whose meaning depends on the installed protocol).

x_prim_str_byte_ref()

static x_obj_t * x_prim_str_byte_ref ( x_obj_t *  p_base, x_obj_t *  p_args  )

static

Byte at index i of a string, as a CHARACTER (0-255). x-lang: (str-byte-ref s i)

Parameters

p_base	Interpreter base context.
p_args	Unevaluated argument list: (str-byte-ref s i).

Returns

The i-th byte as a CHARACTER. Negative i counts from the end.

Note

Always byte-level, independent of any pushed string-call handler.

x_prim_str_byte_sub()

static x_obj_t * x_prim_str_byte_sub ( x_obj_t *  p_base, x_obj_t *  p_args  )

static

Byte substring: len bytes of s starting at byte offset start. x-lang: (str-byte-sub s start len)

Parameters

p_base	Interpreter base context.
p_args	Unevaluated argument list: (str-byte-sub s start len).

Returns

A newly allocated string of len bytes from byte offset start.

Note

Always byte-level, independent of any pushed string-call handler.

x_prim_string_append()

static x_obj_t * x_prim_string_append ( x_obj_t *  p_base, x_obj_t *  p_args  )

static

Concatenate two strings. x-lang: (str-append a b)

Parameters

p_base	Interpreter base context.
p_args	Unevaluated argument list: (str-append a b).

Returns

A newly allocated string containing a followed by b.

Note

The result is heap-allocated and owned by the returned object.

x_prim_string_register()

x_obj_t * x_prim_string_register	(	x_obj_t *	p_base,
		x_obj_t *	p_args
	)

Register string manipulation primitives.

Binds: str-append, str->symbol, symbol->str, bytes->str, str-byte-len, str-byte-ref, str-byte-sub.

Note

bytes->str is the raw byte-packer (one low byte per char). The code-point-aware list->str is pure x-lang (x/type/str-utf8), UTF-8 encoding each char on top of bytes->str; boot-time callers that want bytes call bytes->str directly.

Parameters

p_base	Interpreter base context.
p_args	Unused.

Returns

p_base.

x_prim_string_to_symbol()

static x_obj_t * x_prim_string_to_symbol ( x_obj_t *  p_base, x_obj_t *  p_args  )

static

Convert a string to an interned symbol. x-lang: (str->symbol str)

Parameters

p_base	Interpreter base context.
p_args	Unevaluated argument list: (str->symbol str).

Returns

A symbol whose name matches the content of str.

x_prim_symbol_to_string()

static x_obj_t * x_prim_symbol_to_string ( x_obj_t *  p_base, x_obj_t *  p_args  )

static

Convert a symbol to a string. x-lang: (symbol->str sym)

Parameters

p_base	Interpreter base context.
p_args	Unevaluated argument list: (symbol->str sym).

Returns

A string object containing the symbol's name.